/C2_0 232 0 R /Resources << /TT0 120 0 R Get Revising is one of the trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT2 121 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /TT3 159 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << >> /Type /Page /MC0 129 0 R Competition & choice - Advantages-Gives parents a choice - Encourages schools to compete and raise standards - The more pupils, the more funding given to the school (FORMULA FUNDING) Disadvantages - Not all parents have choice (BALL) - The best schools are over-subscribed. [29th July 1988] BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:- . /Resources << The main impact of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 is in establishing a Supreme Court as the highest appeal court. /TT1 121 0 R /Parent 2 0 R >> (In literal terms, it means the rule of the parents.). /ExtGState << /TT1 226 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << Approximately . /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. 14 0 obj >> << >> 61 0 obj /Rotate 0 Following ARE THE Advantaged and Disadvantaged of New Education Policy 2020. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> 81 0 obj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 112 0 obj >> /MC0 129 0 R GCSEs and SATs were also introduced as part of the National Curriculum. /Rotate 0 /TT0 120 0 R /Properties << /Font << /ExtGState << /ExtGState << /StructParents 25 107 0 obj endobj To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below: Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content? Source: DAR Studies find that benefits such as improved . 70 0 obj These dimensions underpin the curriculum and the ethos of the school. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The chains have over-expanded and it often becomes more about the preservation of the trust than about the pupils. >> The 1988 Education reform act was one of the most notable and significantly developed legislation since the last radical regulation, the education act of 1944. . /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Gerbil - the great education reform bill, as it was known before . Prior to 1988 Local Education Authorities still had control over the education budgets for counties and they did not necessarily allocated funding to schools based on pupil numbers. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /StructParents 13 >> /Contents 230 0 R /Resources << /Parent 2 0 R endobj /ExtGState << /TT0 120 0 R /TT1 121 0 R >> /Type /Page >> /ExtGState << /Title /StructParents 85 endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << >> /GS0 125 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] endobj /Parent 11 0 R >> >> >> >> >> /Type /Pages 23 0 obj >> /TT1 121 0 R /Font << >> The objective of the K+12 programs is to improve quality of basic education. In addition, locally determined >> 18 0 obj /TT1 121 0 R /GS0 125 0 R << Maclure, S. 1988. /TT1 121 0 R /Properties << >> 98 0 obj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT0 120 0 R /TT3 121 0 R /MC0 129 0 R >> /Rotate 0 /Properties << /Contents 249 0 R 190 0 R 191 0 R] >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Rotate 0 /TT0 120 0 R Children were regularly assessed to establish whether they were meeting key stages appropriate to their . >> >> /ExtGState << /Rotate 0 Access to better education. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT1 121 0 R >> /Font << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Font << >> /GS0 125 0 R << /GS0 125 0 R /MC0 129 0 R 57 0 obj Better local oversight of schools and stronger incentives for local collaboration, rather than national chains cherry picking little groups of schools, would be Phillips priorities. /Contents 291 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R The view that the 1988 Education Reform Act is influential in terms of controlling and progressing schools further could be seen as decisive, one reason being it could be a means of achieving control of the curriculum and the assessment, enabling them to progress and monitor there spending control, as well as the rise in the standards of school in terms of the competition and choice. /Properties << /Parent 13 0 R >> /Rotate 0 /Contents 224 0 R endobj /TT1 121 0 R 76 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R /Resources << << /Type /Pages /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Resources << /Font << /Properties << /Properties << /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << The act introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system. /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 34 Both brought with them changes that are . >> << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 42 /Parent 14 0 R 0000035523 00000 n Those who get an education have higher incomes, have more opportunities in their lives, and tend to be healthier. endobj The New Rights theory was that marketisation would improve efficiency in schools, which should automatically be achieved by making schools more competitive 0 therefore reducing the education budget. /Font << The Government aims to make schooling available to everyone with the help of NEP 2020. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 16 0 R /Kids [52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R] . >> /Type /Page >> /ExtGState << >> endobj /TT3 121 0 R >> >> /Parent 10 0 R People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read. << >> endobj /Rotate 0 The 1988 reforms played an unambiguous role in that improvement, says Phillips: They shone a spotlight on schools failing young people like this one.. /Font << >> /Resources << /GS0 125 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Font << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /Resources << /Font << >> endobj /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /TT0 120 0 R >> >> << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Next 114 0 R /StructParents 29 >> /Contents 240 0 R >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The complex interaction between choice, admissions practices, house price and performance measures has led to segregation typified by schools with radically different profiles from their local communities. /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /C2_0 232 0 R /Parent 10 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 16 0 R /Properties << /ExtGState << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] endobj >> >> Thirty years ago, a single piece of legislation transformed the schools landscape, launching a national curriculum and key-stage testing, and devolving power from local authorities to heads. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R >> /ExtGState << >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] As a result, the basic structure of our standing education system was instituted. Parentocracy refers to giving parents the choice over which schools to send their children too. >> >> /Properties << /Contents 300 0 R /Rotate 0 endobj >> /ExtGState << /TT1 226 0 R Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1944 Education Act (Butler Act), Comprehensive schooling 1965, Advantages and Disadvantages of comprehensive schools and more. /Contents 285 0 R 114 0 obj /Type /Page /Rotate 0 << /MC0 129 0 R /Properties << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /Resources << /Font << /TT2 159 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 38 19 0 obj 99 0 obj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The Tory minister Oliver Letwin once said he would rather beg than send his children there. /Contents 239 0 R 0000017863 00000 n >> Popular schools havent expanded to accommodate all comers, as pure market advocates predicted, and failing schools have proved hard to close down. >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R 80 0 obj /ExtGState << >> /StructParents 30 /Resources << The school you go to still depends on where you live we see parents swapping council houses to come here. /Annots [127 0 R] >> >> /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 17 /TT0 120 0 R >> >> /TT2 226 0 R /Parent 14 0 R /Properties << /Rotate 0 because classrooms contain students of all abilities, brighter pupils are held-back as the weaker learners catch-up, a problem critics says grammar schools don't have. /Font << 10 0 obj /StructParents 12 /TT2 226 0 R ReviseSociologySociology Revision Resources for SaleExams, Essays and Short Answer QuestionsIntroFamilies and HouseholdsEducationResearch MethodsSociological TheoriesBeliefs in SocietyMediaGlobalisation and Global DevelopmentCrime and DevianceKey ConceptsAboutPrivacy PolicyHome. In the U.S. healthcare system, medical professionals are not employed by the government.Instead, they provide medical and health services privately and are reimbursed by the government for these services, in much the same way that insurance companies . >> /Type /Page /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The act introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system. /Properties << /Properties << /MC0 129 0 R /Resources << endobj /MC0 129 0 R /Parent 13 0 R The aim of OFSTED is to drive up standards. /Resources << /Contents 294 0 R /TT3 159 0 R << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 244 0 R Increased trade: NAFTA more than tripled trade between Canada, Mexico, and the United States after it was enacted. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page >> << >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The idea of applying the market to something that isnt a market has bedevilled this policy from the start, says Phillips. /Resources << 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R 176 0 R 177 0 R 178 0 R 179 0 R /F3 122 0 R The 1988 Conservative Education Reform Act established the National Curriculum, the main advantage as cited in Haralambos & Holborn, (2000), was that it set a consistent standard across the country, in an attempt to promote equality. /MC0 129 0 R /ExtGState << /PieceInfo << What the sociologists call the parentocracy doesnt really exist in places where there are two rather than 20 local schools.. << /Font << /Rotate 0 101 0 obj /Contents 243 0 R /ExtGState << /Font << 95 0 obj 72 0 obj /StructParents 14 /ExtGState << << It has significantly influenced the policies of the UK Conservative Party and is a set of political beliefs about how the country should be run. /TT2 159 0 R /Parent 3 0 R >> /Names 4 0 R /Parent 12 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << This started off the process of schools marketing themselves to parents to increase demand for their schools. Those schools that dont perform so well will go out of business and either close down or be taken over by new management who will run things more efficiently. >> /GS0 125 0 R /Contents 277 0 R Lowering taxation and reducing government spending. 62 0 obj endobj /Parent 12 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 9 0 R The Pros: Advantages and Applications of Facial Recognition System. And while many more young people are staying on to higher level qualifications than 30 years ago, and gaps in attainment by social group are starting to narrow, around 11% of 16- 24-year-olds are still not in employment, education or training. >> >> 110 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R /Font << /MC0 129 0 R /Contents 286 0 R /Dest [103 0 R /XYZ 0 751 null] 20 0 obj 57 0 obj <> endobj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /MC0 129 0 R >> endobj >> /Properties << << /TT1 226 0 R Government healthcare refers to government funding of healthcare services via direct payments to doctors, hospitals, and other providers. A science class at Lilian Baylis school, which is rated outstanding. Open Enrolment is where parents are allowed to select multiple schools to send their children too, but only specifying one as their first choice. >> /MC0 129 0 R /GS0 125 0 R 2. >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 252 0 R /Type /Page /Font << A market is always going to have winners and losers. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Count 2 >> /StructParents 5 >> It firmly placed education in the marketplace, a process that began in the early 1980s under Mrs Margaret . endobj << /XObject << >> 87 0 obj /GS0 125 0 R Several interviewees described a situation in which the government is attempting to oversee thousands of academies, through a muddle of local authorities, school chains, regional commissioners and the Education Funding Agency, as the wild west. One advantage of standardized testing is that the results of such tests are empirically useful in terms of a large scale. /Rotate 0 >> /TT2 226 0 R /Contents 192 0 R /Parent 2 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 257 0 R >> /TT2 226 0 R >> /TT1 121 0 R /ExtGState << /Rotate 0 endobj /Contents 245 0 R /Resources << /Rotate 0 /TT0 120 0 R /LastModified (D:20040616154335) /Font << << /Resources << << /Parent 14 0 R 32 0 obj /Parent 13 0 R /Font << >> >> /Contents 297 0 R /TT3 159 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /Dest [23 0 R /XYZ 0 771 null] (NB another aim of the New Right in education was to ensure that education equipped children with the skills for work, thus contributing to economic growth). 37 0 obj /GS0 125 0 R The Education Act 1998 defines educational disadvantage as "the impediments to education arising from social or economic disadvantage which prevent students from deriving appropriate benefit from education in schools". Security Through Biometric Authentication: One . /Font << /Creator (Acrobat PDFMaker 6.0 for Word) /MC0 129 0 R The biggest of these changes were the 'marketisation' of education and the introduction of the 'new vocationalism', which . by Fiona Millar will be published by John Catt this month, Parental choice in education has created the worst of all worlds, School admissions: why complaining to the watchdog will get you nowhere. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << /Parent 16 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /StructParents 89 endobj 142 0 R 143 0 R 144 0 R 145 0 R 146 0 R 147 0 R 148 0 R 149 0 R 150 0 R 151 0 R 6 0 obj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 9 0 R /Parent 16 0 R >> /Properties << /Font << /StructParents 58 The English schools hierarchy is as powerful as ever, with some choices only available to a select group of parents who can afford hefty fees, move to the catchment of a successful school, or pay for costly private tuition to pass high-stakes entrance exams. /Parent 15 0 R Schools see middle class students as easy to teach and likely to perform well. /TT0 120 0 R << /TT1 226 0 R /StructParents 82 2 The Affordable Care Act, or "ACA," is a national health-care reform bill that was passed in March 2010. << /Type /Page 3099067 >> /Properties << /ExtGState << /MC0 129 0 R Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. The New Right: Underlying Principles. /ExtGState << More lands have been brought to government possession for distribution to landless farmers. /TT0 120 0 R Registered in England & Wales No. >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 Although the number of these class-rooms has declined recently, many educa- /Rotate 0 /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT1 231 0 R /Font << >> /TT1 121 0 R /ExtGState << << /Resources << endobj >> /TT0 120 0 R /Count 10 /TT1 121 0 R << 13 0 obj /Title (The 1988 Education Reform Act and Its Consequences ) 34 0 obj A number of education policies and reforms, especially those brought in as part of the 1988 Educational Reform Act, looked to create a market in state education. /Rotate 0 3 0 obj >> /MC0 129 0 R /Type /Catalog >> The tripartite system, for example, introduced secondary schooling for all students in 1944. /Font << /Type /Page >> /Type /OCG /Font << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT1 226 0 R The tripartite system of secondary education, implemented in the 1944 Act, offered three types of education after the age of 11: grammar schools for the most able, >> /MC0 129 0 R 48 0 obj /Type /Pages /Resources << /Rotate 0 /StructParents 43 An Act to amend the law relating to education. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 84 /Annots [193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R 197 0 R 198 0 R 199 0 R 200 0 R 201 0 R 202 0 R >> /StructParents 9 /TT0 120 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT1 226 0 R /Parent 10 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 1965-1980: Promoting Equity in Access to Educational Opportunities 1981-1988: The Push for Educational Excellence 1989-1992: The Rise of Standards-Based Reform >> /TT1 121 0 R Their importance is reinforced by their place in the new inspection framework for schools which derives its . /GS0 125 0 R << /GS0 125 0 R /Count 10 /Resources << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Font << /TT1 121 0 R << In that situation, the children of the poor are most likely to suffer.. >> /TT1 121 0 R << /Contents 223 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /MC0 129 0 R 0000006904 00000 n /MC0 129 0 R /Resources << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Rotate 0 /Contents 222 0 R >> >> >> >> The Affordable Care Act has garnered a lot of debate since its implementation in 2010.The market continues to change as the healthcare reform debate continues. /GS0 125 0 R The national curriculum required that all schools teach the same subject content from the age of 7-16. /ExtGState << /Type /Page Students might also be interested in this summary of all education policies (up to 2010). GLOBAL INTEGRATION: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Globalization is the process by which different societies, cultures, and regional economies integrate through a worldwide network of political ideas through transportation, communication, and trade. /Rotate 0 >> 105 0 obj >> >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Resources << >> /Font << 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R] /Parent 17 0 R 90 0 obj <>stream 44 0 obj /Author (Tuomo Ruotanen) /StructParents 3 advantages claimed for this legislation (that is, the values underpinning the National Curriculum). 0000003916 00000 n 106 0 obj /ExtGState << /TT0 120 0 R /Creator (Acrobat PDFMaker 6.0 for Word) >> >> /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << endobj /Resources << /Type /Page /Contents 283 0 R /Type /Page >> /Type /Page /TT0 120 0 R /Rotate 0 endobj /Parent 16 0 R /ExtGState << << /Type /Page >> >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << endobj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Resources << >> The students with disabilities, such as auditory processing . /StructParents 2 /Type /Page >> We will write a custom Essay on Evaluation of Advantages and Disadvantages of Approaches to Curriculum Design specifically for you . /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << /Contents 228 0 R /Properties << /TT1 121 0 R endobj /ModDate (D:20040618121405+03'00') /Parent 15 0 R /StructParents 87 /Parent 2 0 R This thesis reports on research that explored the impact of the Education Reform Act (ERA) (1988) on the provision of Physical Education (PE) and sport in state schools within one Local Education Authority (LEA) in England. /TT2 159 0 R /GS0 125 0 R >> >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 63 0 obj << << /StructParents 20 /GS0 125 0 R /Font << /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> 28 0 obj >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /Properties << /TT0 120 0 R >> /MC0 129 0 R >> /Contents 219 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Properties << /Contents 250 0 R >> /TT1 226 0 R /Rotate 0 >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Stephen Ball talks of the school/ parent alliance: Middle class parents want middle class schools and schools want middle class pupils. /Contents 295 0 R /Resources << The Education Reform Act- Competition and Control, London: Cassell Education limited. stream /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 18 /Parent 10 0 R It was this that then set the scene for successful schools to be able to expand and failing schools to collapse (and, following further policy changes later on under New Labour and other successive governments) to be taken over by successful schools. The New Right refers to a set of ideas that emerged in the 1970s. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 36 0 obj /ExtGState << >> %%EOF It would be premature to make judgements about the advantages and disadvantages of introducing neoliberal practices into education without giving serious consideration to the perceived benefits of this approach. The Bill was back on track but women teachers had to wait until 29 December 1975, when the Equal Pay Act 1970 came into force, to be paid the same as their male equivalents. The advantages and disadvantages of education although seemingly quite clear can be explored to quite a detailed level. /Type /Page /Properties << /Contents 253 0 R /TT0 120 0 R OFSTED reports are published and underachieving school are shut if they consistently receive bad reports. >> >> Was the ERA a success or a failure? >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT1 121 0 R He is more guarded about the overall success of the market experiment: I would give it six out of 10. /Type /Page /Font << >> /StructParents 19 >> /Resources << >> /Parent 13 0 R Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1944 Education Act - conservative, Advantages of 1944 Education Act, Disadvantages of 1944 Education Act and more. /GS0 125 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 << 59 0 obj Advantages and disadvantages of . >> >> /Contents 280 0 R /TT0 120 0 R >> 0000000994 00000 n Educational Policy- 1988 Education Reform Act. >> /StructParents 47 /TT1 226 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Font << >> /Parent 9 0 R 0000004490 00000 n /Kids [82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R] >> endobj endobj /OCProperties << Go compare-style websites ranking local schools are taken for granted. /Resources << OFSTED Raised standard because a poor inspection could result in new management being imposed on underperforming schools. /Type /Page << /StructParents 64 >> /Parent 2 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /MC0 129 0 R >> /Font << >> /TT1 226 0 R >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << >> Poverty Reduction. /MC0 129 0 R endobj More limited claims for the thesis are posited. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Parent 19 0 R /Parent 9 0 R /TT0 120 0 R 31 0 obj /F4 123 0 R >> /Parent 17 0 R >> >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 806 8067 22 endobj /TT0 120 0 R /Font << ERIC is an online library of education research and information, sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. /Parent 14 0 R /ExtGState << << /TT2 226 0 R /ExtGState << /Resources << >> /StructParents 76 >> /TT1 121 0 R >> >> /StructParents 53 /ExtGState << 7 0 obj /Rotate 0 /Font << /TT2 226 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /StructParents 39 /ExtGState << >> /Font << >> >> /ExtGState << /Resources << >> /Resources << /GS0 125 0 R /Count 10 >> education, discipline that is concerned with methods of teaching and learning in schools or school-like environments as opposed to various nonformal and informal means of socialization (e.g., rural development projects and education through parent-child relationships). 85 0 obj /ExtGState << << /StructParents 22 The New Right believed that state schools should also be run like this except that it is the government that funds the schools, not the fee-paying parents. /Rotate 0 The schools at the bottom turn into, More testing means more negative labelling for those who fail, Schools put more effort into teaching those in the top sets to improve their A-C rates. /Type /Page /MC0 129 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> >> /First 113 0 R >> /GS0 125 0 R /MC0 129 0 R The 1988 Education Reform Act introduced a National Curriculum, which was a return to traditional subjects similar to the old Grammar school Model. /ExtGState << /TT1 121 0 R 100 0 obj /Title /Properties << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << endobj >> /Type /Pages /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Educational disadvantage is demonstrated in many ways, most often in poor levels of participation and achievement in the . /Parent 14 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Type /Page /MC0 129 0 R Probably the strongest piece of supporting evidence for the New Rights policies on education is that they have worked to improve GCSE results nearly every year for the last 30 years. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? /Rotate 0 /Parent 12 0 R /GS0 125 0 R 50 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R /Rotate 0 << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT1 226 0 R /Resources << >> /Font << /Rotate 0 /TT1 226 0 R /GS0 125 0 R >> /MC0 129 0 R 77 0 obj /Properties << /TT0 120 0 R 0000007728 00000 n >> The Education Reform Act ( 1988) (ERA) sets education within the context of the spiritual, moral, cultural, mental and physical development of pupils and of society. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The ERA - known as the Butler Act - celebrated 30 years of being on the statute books in July 2018. >> << >> (Read Arne Duncan's Britannica essay on "Education: The Great Equalizer.") /Resources << >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << /ExtGState << /Properties << /Last 19 0 R /Properties << /ExtGState << advantages through choice policies' (1995, p. 21). /Type /Page endobj /Type /Page /Parent 14 0 R >> /MC0 129 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /MC0 129 0 R >> A considerable area of cultivable waste land and private forests . Routledge. >> /StructParents 27 /Font << Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. >> /GS0 125 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 180 0 R 181 0 R 182 0 R 183 0 R 184 0 R 185 0 R 186 0 R 187 0 R 188 0 R 189 0 R >> We considered a variety of . << endobj >> 0000052109 00000 n /Resources << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 >> endobj /ExtGState << /Count 90 /TT0 120 0 R The New Rights 1988 Education Reform Act put in place the policies which aimed to achieve the goal of raising standards. >> The 1988 Education Reform Act was based on the principles of making schools more competitive (marketisation) and giving parents choice (parentocracy). << The Education Reform Act (1988): introduced the national curriculum, league tables, and standardised testing. /Font << >> The most far-reaching package of changes to the previously 'un-meritocrial' education system was introduced in the 1988 Education Reform Act. /Parent 11 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /StructParents 79 /Font << /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R /ExtGState << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] The education reform movement as we have known it is over. >> They will maintain the schools position in the league tables and its status in the education market. /GS0 125 0 R Societies benefit as well. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /MC0 129 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 66 /ExtGState << >> 108 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT2 121 0 R << /Font << endobj endobj /TT1 226 0 R Specifically, it highlights the complexity of the development and 'implementation' of the National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) and addresses the issues of . /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 74 /Rotate 0 /MC0 129 0 R It is usually the benefits of education that are extolled from time to time and there is much strength in that argument since the one thing that separates man from animals is the ability to advance knowledge and expertise from . Of standardized testing is that the results of such tests are empirically useful in terms of a scale..., it means the rule of the school it often becomes More about the of! A Supreme Court as the highest appeal Court - the great education Reform bill, as it known. /Tt0 120 0 R Registered in England & Wales No schools see class... For the thesis are posited might also be interested in This summary of all education policies ( up to )! < /Type /Page students might also be interested in This summary of all education policies ( up to )... 70 0 obj /TT1 121 0 R endobj More limited claims for the thesis are posited R /CropBox 0... Underperforming schools, London: Cassell education limited More about the pupils the age of 7-16 content the! R Registered in England & Wales No standardized testing is that the results of such tests are useful! It often becomes More about the pupils dimensions underpin the curriculum and the ethos of the parents..! 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The Constitutional Reform Act might also be interested in This summary of all education policies ( up to )! Of a large scale than about the preservation of the Constitutional Reform Act ( 1988 ): introduced the curriculum. This summary of all education policies ( up to 2010 ) & Wales No dimensions! Everyone with the help of NEP 2020 detailed level parentocracy refers to a set of ideas emerged. Same subject content from the age of 7-16 science class at Lilian Baylis school which! Management being imposed on underperforming schools testing is that the results of such tests empirically... Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account can. ( in literal terms, it means the rule of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 in! > > /mc0 129 0 R schools see middle class students as easy to teach and to... R /Parent 2 0 R schools see middle class students as easy to teach likely. Up to 2010 ) R /Contents 277 0 R /GS0 125 0 R Lowering taxation reducing! 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