The Senate found Ferguson guilty on five charges relating to mishandling of public funds and abuse of power in relation to the university. The Court of Impeachment, by a vote of twenty-five to three, removed Ferguson from office and made him ineligible to hold any office of honor, trust, or profit under the state of Texas. Hall updated Governor Rick Perry's office in April 2013 with the full list. He was kicked out of a local prep school, Salado College, at age 12 for misbehavior. Nellie Tayloe Ross was sworn in on January 5, 1925; Miriam Ferguson followed on January 20. "[14], An effort was begun in June 2013 to try and impeach Hall from his position as regent. He had been accused of misappropriating funds, but investigations failed to find anything that would warrant impeachment, and the probe seemed to be closed. He had attempted to stack the board of regents with friends who would help fire these professors and staffers, and he had called for the resignation of the universitys president, Robert Vinson. The Constitution gives Congress the power of impeachment in federal cases. (renews at {{format_dollars}}{{start_price}}{{format_cents}}/month + tax). Jim Ferguson got in trouble for throwing his weight around, and for using the publics money as a personal slush fund. In retaliation, Ferguson vetoed the entire appropriation for the university. The specifics are left to the state legislators to determine. This ragtag pair, better known as "Pa . James Ferguson was a banker from Temple who would become governor in 1914 - famous, or infamous, as the only Texas governor to face impeachment. Sign up for our newsletter to keep reading. The charges were then sent to the state Senate for trial. The most that the select committee can do would be to recommend to the full state house that articles of impeachment be drafted. But it is Hall not his political patron, Perry who would be targeted for possible impeachment. The Senate removed Ferguson from office by a vote of 25-3. The accusations against Mayes were that he used his ownership of newspapers, including the Brownwood Bulletin, to spread negative information about Ferguson. The entire process is substantially the same in Texas for elected officials, as it is for most of the other states. Though he was kicked out of office and disgraced in front of his colleagues, Ferguson was still very popular among his hard-core supporters and rallied back. we are committed to exploring the diverse experiences and histories of all women. [6] They had two daughters: Ouida Wallace Ferguson, and Dorrace Watt Ferguson. Ma Ferguson was elected as Govenor or Texas in 1925 and in 1933. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Impeached provides a new examination of the rise and fall of Fergusons political fortunes, offering a focused look at how battles over economic class, academic freedom, womens enfranchisement, and concentrated political power came to be directed toward one politician. His mother continued to live on the farm, and he began working in the fields as a young boy. Ferguson would often call into question the value of a college diploma, saying it was book learning gone to seed. He said some professors took three years to learn that you couldnt grow wool on an armadillo. His constituency, he claimed, resided where the creeks forked and he felt they were getting short-changed by not getting enough basic education, while the kids at UT were getting too much of it., He said those kids go up to Austin for four years and return home with nothing but a mandolin and liver damage. As my brother Redneck Dave would say, That right there is funny. James Ferguson. As historian Cortez Ewing pointed out, Ferguson was the voice of the people, and with his sixth-grade education, he promoted the idea that he had not suffered the damages of higher degrees. This is why I so often say, Im W. F. Strong, these are Stories from Texas some of them are astonishingly true., 2021 Texas Standard. First Amendment: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. FERGUSON IMPEACHMENT FERGUSON IMPEACHMENT. Amplify your impact and donate now. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. 100% remote. All Rights Reserved.Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | site credit, on Impeached: The Removal of Texas Governor James E. Ferguson, Impeached: The Removal of Texas Governor James E. Ferguson, Leaders of Their Race: Educating Black and White Women in the New South. The State Senate reduced the charges to ten, half of which dealt with the transfer of the $5,600. 4. In 1917, James Ferguson was impeached and removed from office as governor of Texas while under indictment. Ferguson then went on a tour of Texas, voicing his disdain for the university and what he called the university crowd in public speeches. Five of the articles sustained by the Senate charged Ferguson with the misapplication of public funds, three related to his quarrel with the University, one declared that he had failed properly to respect and enforce the banking laws of the state, and one charged that he had received $156,500 in currency from a source that he refused to reveal. Carillo in 1975. 27 February 1917 in Floresville, Texas; d. 15 June 1993 in Houston, Texas), governor of Tex, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ferguson-impeachment. The Legislature then came back into session to consider impeachment, an attempt Ferguson immediately condemned. Barred from state office, he ran for president in 1920 on the American Party ticket. James Ferguson is the only governor to be impeached and convicted. James Ferguson. The legality of the speaker calling a session was questionable the Texas Constitution says only the governor can call a special session but the point became moot when Ferguson called his own special session to discuss the budget for the University of Texas. [10][11] However, a letter from University chancellor Francisco Cigarroa in February 2014 said that Hall likely requested fewer than 100,000 pages. She was reelected in 1932 and served January 17, 1933 January 15, 1935. Centex baseball preview: What's old, new, borrowed and blue for 2023? James E. Ferguson", Presiding Officers of the Texas Legislature 18462006, "Governor Ferguson Is Impeached By The Senate Saturday, By 27 to 4: 10 of 21 Charges Sustained By High Impeachment Court", "Presiding Officers of the Texas Legislature, 18462010", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_E._Ferguson&oldid=1136223529, Candidates in the 1920 United States presidential election, Impeached state and territorial governors of the United States removed from office, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from March 2020, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 29 January 2023, at 09:22. An overview by John R. Lundberg offers a comprehensive survey of the impeachment process. You have permission to edit this article. When they wouldnt, he started replacing them one by one and withheld state funding from the university to force UT to obey his orders. I dont care who you are.. Though he was kicked out of office and disgraced in front of his colleagues, Ferguson was still popular among his hardcore supporters and rallied back. This led to a special session being called by the Legislature, to press for Fergusons impeachment. Bridges can be reached by email at drkenbridges@gmail.com. The chairman of the investigating committee, William H. Bledsoe of Lubbock, called for impeachment. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). The prohibitionists held an elimination convention and pledged their support to Thomas H. Ball of Houston. Some have said Hall is being targeted for uncovering evidence of political favoritism with respect to admissions processes.[6]. There are 150 members of the Texas State House. Almost a century later, the Ferguson impeachment presents both striking similarities and key differences to the ongoing saga involving University of Texas System Regent Wallace Hall. ex-governor banned from holding state office. He was a popular figure, singing laws protecting sharecroppers and providing state funding for rural schools. The Ferguson controversy with the university brought renewed interest in the old charges, however, and at about the same time a number of new charges were made. Rick Perry, but this instance in Texas political history is a few years shy of its 100th birthday. Seven of the charges related to misapplication of public funds, one to embezzlement, and one to the diversion of a special fund. No. He became a lawyer in 1897, married Miriam A. Wallace in 1899, and expanded into real estate, insurance, and banking. January 1996 in Austin, Texas), first black southern woman in the United States Congress. The fight with the university touched off a massive scandal. Both elected and non-elected officials can be impeached in Texas. The Fergusons beat Robertson and went to the Governor's Mansion for a third time. Even his former political allies couldn't find him innocent in the face of such damning evidence - and his own indefensible behavior. James Ferguson. Before his impeachment, Texas students paraded from the campus to the Capitol and held a protest rally, complete with the university band, right outside Fergusons office while he met with the regents. Proclamation of the speaker following the submission of a written petition signed by at least 50 members of the House. The Texas Senate reduced the charges to 10, half of which dealt with the transfer of the $5,600. Millions of Texans have rare diseases. He is the author, coauthor, or editor of more than two dozen books, most recently Anti-Black Violence in Twentieth-Century Texas. Partly cloudy skies early will give way to cloudy skies late. Though he had signed legislation creating three new. In addition, he established Farmers State Bank. He was replaced by William P. Hobby after the Texas House of Representatives found him guilty in ten of twenty-one charges. Other high-profile librarians voiced their support of Winkler, as did the son of an ex-governor, and a chapter of the Daughters of the Republic of Texas. He told the UT president, Dr. Robert E. Vinson, that he wanted them fired. Impeached. Ferguson was removed from office and deemed ineligible to hold any position of honor, trust, or profit under the laws of Texas by the Court of Impeachment by a vote of twenty-five to three. I dont have to give any reasons, according to the American Political Science Review. His law practice did not require all of his time, so Ferguson expanded his interests to include real estate and insurance and later turned his attention to banking. Henry S. Johnston of Oklahoma He started his own newspaper that fall, Ferguson Forum, to promote his views that the impeachment was illegitimate. Two years later they lost a reelection bid amid new scandals concerning excessive pardons and political patronage abuses. He started his own newspaper that fall, Ferguson Forum, to promote his views that the impeachment was illegitimate. Ferguson did some good things. Three others dealt with the veto of university funding as an abuse of power and official oppression. Fifteen federal judges and one cabinet official have been impeached by the House since the ratification of the Constitution. But the mere fact that Ferguson had been impeached and made ineligible to hold any office of trust or profit under the state did not in any sense remove him from the field of Texas politics. Though as of this writing, three presidents have been impeached, none have ever been removed from office. Fifteen federal judges and one cabinet official have been impeached by the House since the ratification of the Constitution. He claimed to be painstakingly honest; he was an embezzler. School districts | Then, like now, a governor was counting on his friends on the board of regents to carry out his will. Join us! The Fergusons retired from public life afterward with James Ferguson dying in 1944 and his wife passing away in 1961. If the Senate is not in session, there are four ways by which it may be convened.[7]. In 1940 Mrs. Ferguson again sought the governorship, and for the last time "Farmer Jim" appealed to the voters of Texas. The chair of the State Library and Historical Commission, Eugene C. Barker, heard talk about these plans and intervened in support of Winkler. In 1917, Gov. "Ma" Ferguson became the second female governor in the United States, with Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming being the first. Please subscribe to keep reading. The Texas State Legislature adjourned its regular session on May 27, 2013. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Ferguson was on the ballot only in Texas, where he received 47,968 votes (9.9 percent of the vote in Texas, 0.2 percent of the vote nationwide). With strong support from progressive and anti-Prohibition forces, "Farmer Jim" was elected governor of Texas in 1914. He was indicted and impeached during his second term, but according to Ferguson technically impeached, after he resigned office. The ruling declared that he could no longer hold office in Texas, but he ran the campaigns of his wife, Miriam "Ma" Ferguson. Unlike federal offices, which require formal charges brought against an individual and in most cases criminal charges, the Texas Constitution does not provide specific grounds for impeachment. July 2, 20146 AM Central. If the state legislature is not in regular session during the time of impeachment, a special session can be called specifically to handle impeachments. In the wake of the controversy, issues from Fergusons past campaign for governor in 1916 came back into the spotlight. Encyclopedia.com. He left home at 16, traveling and taking odd jobs until he returned to farm in Bell County. In the United States legal tradition, impeachment is comparable to an indictment in a criminal court. Before the process could be completed, Ferguson resigned from office, contending that the legislative action against him was a kangaroo court. Jim Ferguson so enormously popular 100 years ago. In July 1917, he was indicted for misappropriation of funds. Ferguson had vetoed the entire appropriations for the University of Texas in 1916. The prohibitionists passed over their better-known leaders and gave their support to Charles H. Morris of Winnsboro, a political unknown. In order for an official to be impeached, articles of impeachment must be brought by the Texas House of Representatives. The Fergusons retired from public life afterward with James Ferguson dying in 1944 and his wife passing away in 1961. Prohibition was a major issue in the campaign of 1914, with several aspirants for the governorship on both sides of the question. The Texas Legislative Code governs the process by which the Texas State Legislature can be brought into special session to address an impeachment proceeding. How to run for office | While there, legislators legally took up another matter, impeachment. He left home at 16, traveling and taking odd jobs until he returned to farm in Bell County. Though Fergusons hatred for UT ran deep, he never fully explained his animus. He was elected governor in 1914, his first election. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Norman D. Brown, Hood, Bonnet, and Little Brown Jug: Texas Politics, 1921-1928 (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1984). It was, in his mind, absolute. [17] Governor of Texas Rick Perry's spokesperson said the investigations send a "chilling message" to gubernatorial appointees. On July 21, 1917, in the midst of the excitement, Ferguson appeared before the Travis County grand jury, and several days later it was announced that he had been indicted on nine charges. But in the midst of this personal war he had sparked with the flagship university in Austin, Ferguson appeared before a Travis County grand jury and was indicted on nine charges. The anti-prohibitionists attempted to have a similar convention, but Ferguson, whose statements and Bell County record identified him as an anti-prohibitionist, refused to submit his name to it. Ross Phares, The Governors of Texas (Gretna, Louisiana: Pelican, 1976). Dictionary of American History. Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. The Freddy's Glass legacyPeople who knew our dad and his story say he would be proud of us, but we say, Man, were proud of himHe truly. Ferguson convinced his wife to run one more time in 1940. Encyclopedia.com. He was re-elected in 1916. Connally, John Bowden, Jr. Ferguson had vetoed the entire appropriations for the University of Texas in 1916. In 1918 he sought the Democratic party nomination for the governorship but was defeated by William P. Hobby. (b. The vote was 25-3. State legislature | And once again, there is talk of impeachment in the Legislature. The fight with the university touched off a massive scandal. Almost a century later, the Ferguson impeachment presents both striking similarities and key differences to. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ferguson-impeachment, "Ferguson Impeachment Committee member Dan Flynn said he was not surprised by the findings and was pleased the university counsel reached a conclusion.[21][22][23][24]. Waco police investigate overnight shooting in North Waco, Waco family grows Versatile Real Estate business together, R&S BBQ provides inspiration alongside tasty meals, Couple cares for pets like their own with Almost Anything, Johnson Roofing maintains leadership reins. Ferguson also ran for President of the United States in the 1920 election as the candidate of the American Party. Elections in 2023 | 1. so that gubernatorial elections will not be influenced by a presidential election 2. so that candidates cannot run for governor and a federal office at the same time 3. so that voters will not become overwhelmed by too many candidates in one year 4. because Texas happened to become part of the US during an off-year . State executives | Public policy. Jordan wa, Houston, Sam Ferguson was also surpassed by three other unsuccessful candidates: Ferguson failed at his bid for the United States Senate in 1922, having lost in the Democratic runoff election to Earle Bradford Mayfield. Preliminary investigations failed to uncover any charge that would merit impeachment, and for a time the incident seemed closed. FERGUSON IMPEACHMENT. This might sound like the controversy involving UT System Regent Wallace Hall, an appointee of Gov. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. The charges of impeachment grew from a controvesy with the University of Texas administration, and resulted in Ferguson being charged with misapplication of public funds among nine other charges. The Legislature cannot call itself into special session. The legislature then came back into session to consider impeachment, an attempt Ferguson immediately condemned. You can cancel at any time. Ferguson declared that the legislature constituted little more than a "kangaroo court," but only a few He was associated with the Farmers State Bank of Belton for several years and was a member of the Texas Bankers Association. The vote was 25-3. The Regents refused. There is no regularly scheduled session until 2015. An effort was begun in 2013 to investigate the possibility of impeaching University of Texas Regent Wallace Hall. When he was four years old, his father died. Dr. Ken Bridges is a writer, historian and native Texan who enjoys sharing these stories about people from the Lone Star state. Ferguson was the only "wet" candidate in the Democratic primary and garnered all of the anti-prohibitionist votes over a plurality of "dry" candidates. Gulf of Mexico warming at faster rate than global ocean, study finds, As Texas STAAR test goes fully online, teachers feel defeated, Texas Education Agency projects confidence, Texas Standard for Feb. 23, 2023: Why many cotton farmers arent planting as much this year. if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; What's on my ballot? The most discussed plank in his platform, which appealed especially to tenant farmers, proposed a law that would limit the rent charged by landlords and prevent the collection of bonuses. Low 54F. He showed up most every day to his own trial, invited or not, with two armed Texas Rangers as escorts. Similarly, the Texas constitution gives the lower house of the legislature power to impeach judges, the governor, and statewide elected officials. Barred from state office, he ran for president in 1920 on the American Party ticket. The Legislature is aghast at the meddling with the flagship state university. Sam Houston Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Impeachment is the power of a legislative body to address charges of impropriety or criminality by a government official, such as a governor or lieutenant governor. This independence made him critical of existing policies, earning him sufficient popular support to win office, but also the consequent wrath of the establishment that could have protected him from investigation. Proclamation signed by a majority of the members of the House. Kay Reed Arnold then follows the Ferguson story into the halls of academia at the University of Texaswhich Ferguson threatened to closesparking a fierce response by faculty, alumni, students, and, especially, the Womens Committee for Good Government. With charges growing against Ferguson, the House of Representatives drew up 21 charges against him and voted to impeach. In his eyes, the university was made up of corruptionists, draft dodgers, two-bit thieves and butterfly chasers, according to a historical account compiled by what is now the Texas Exes. James Edward Ferguson Collection, Barker Texas History Center, University of Texas at Austin. He can be reached by email: Sorry, there are no recent results for popular commented articles. They then sent the charges to the State Senate for trial. As a result of his actions, in 1917, Ferguson became the only Texas governor impeached and removed from office. He was kicked out of a local prep school, Salado College, at age 12 for misbehavior. . After 20 days have elapsed from article adoption, if the Governor, Lt. So, he quit ahead of time so he could then turn aroundand he was counting on coming right back and getting reelected. Southwestern Historical Quarterly 86 (October 1982). Ferguson won the nomination by a majority of about 40,000 votes. . Carrillospent three years in a federal penitentiary. An argument over spending tax dollars, an attempt to silence political opponents, and charges of a kangaroo court. This is not a current story but a faint echo of a notorious event in Texas History, the impeachment of Gov. Three others dealt with the veto of university funding as an abuse of power and official oppression. Thereafter, he entered upon a career of banking and ranching, and by I9I4, he had attained considerable success in these activities.' In his first campaign, Ferguson displayed an amazing plat-form ability, of the rough-and-ready style. During the events that led up to the final quarrel, the University of Texas Board of Regents had repeatedly refused to remove certain faculty members whom Ferguson found objectionable. Fergusons impeachment comprehensive survey of the United States, with nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming being the first over. Laws protecting sharecroppers and providing state funding for rural schools Ferguson Forum, to spread negative information about.! Not call itself into special session to consider impeachment, and statewide elected officials experiences. 27, 2013 official have been impeached by the House since the ratification the! As a young boy experiences and histories of all women, but to. He became a lawyer in 1897, married Miriam A. Wallace in 1899, and using! Married Miriam A. Wallace in 1899, and click here to report an error court! 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Possibility of impeaching university of Texas at Austin got in trouble for throwing his weight around, and one embezzlement.